Publication: Nanocomposites de matriz epoxi reforzados con sílice modificada
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2013-04-26
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2013-04-26
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Abstract
Hasta hoy se han dedicado numerosas investigaciones al desarrollo de materiales nanocompuestos (nanocomposites) debido al importante potencial que tienen a la hora de mejorar las propiedades del material no reforzado. La introducción de refuerzos de tamaño nanométrico hace que la zona de interfase entre la matriz y las nanopartículas sea mayor en comparación a los composites tradicionales, por lo que el comportamiento de la zona interfacial es de especial importancia. Debido al volumen importante de interfase, las propiedades específicas de esta zona pueden tener repercusiones sobre las propiedades generales del nanocomposite. En este proyecto se tratan superficialmente nanopartículas de sílice con diferentes organosilanos con el fin de modificar la interfase y ver cómo es la respuesta mecanodinámica del material. Estas modificaciones superficiales resultan especialmente interesantes pues permiten la unión entre la parte orgánica del nanocomposite, que en este caso es una matriz de resina epoxi, y la fase inorgánica representada por nanopartículas de sílice. Con el fin de caracterizar estos tratamientos superficiales, se ha realizado medidas de ángulos de contacto. El uso de la calorimetría diferencial de barrido ha permitido obtener parámetros como la temperatura de transición vítrea y la variación de la capacidad calorífica. También, se ha determinado el módulo de almacenamiento y se han estudiado las diferentes relajaciones mediante ensayos de DMTA. Mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido se han estudiado las superficies de fractura y el grado de dispersión de los nanorefuerzos. A partir del estudio de la morfología, de las propiedades térmicas y dinamomecánicas de los diferentes nanocomposites elaborados se ha intentado establecer una relación entre éstas y la caracterización de los tratamientos superficiales. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Until today numerous investigations have been devoted to the development of nanocomposite materials (nanocomposites) because they have a great potential in improving the properties of unreinforced material. Introducing nanometric reinforcements makes the interface area between the matrix and the nanoparticles larger compared to traditional composites, so that the behavior of the interface is of particular importance. Due to the large volume of interface, the specific properties of this area can have an impact on the general properties of the nanocomposite. In this project silica nanoparticles are surface treated with different organosilanes in order to modify the interphase and see how the dynamic mechanical response of the material is. These surface modifications are particularly interesting since they allow the bond between the organic part of the nanocomposite, which in this case is an epoxy resin matrix and the inorganic phase represented by silica nanoparticles. In order to characterize these surface treatments was made contact angle measurements. The use of differential scanning calorimetry has allowed obtaining parameters such as glass transition temperature and the variation of the heat capacity. Also, we have determined the storage module and it has been studied the various relaxations by DMTA testing. By scanning electron microscopy it has been studied fracture surfaces and the degree of dispersion of nanoreinforcements. From the study of the morphology, the thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of the different nanocomposites prepared, it has attempted to establish a relationship between these and characterization of surface treatments.
Until today numerous investigations have been devoted to the development of nanocomposite materials (nanocomposites) because they have a great potential in improving the properties of unreinforced material. Introducing nanometric reinforcements makes the interface area between the matrix and the nanoparticles larger compared to traditional composites, so that the behavior of the interface is of particular importance. Due to the large volume of interface, the specific properties of this area can have an impact on the general properties of the nanocomposite. In this project silica nanoparticles are surface treated with different organosilanes in order to modify the interphase and see how the dynamic mechanical response of the material is. These surface modifications are particularly interesting since they allow the bond between the organic part of the nanocomposite, which in this case is an epoxy resin matrix and the inorganic phase represented by silica nanoparticles. In order to characterize these surface treatments was made contact angle measurements. The use of differential scanning calorimetry has allowed obtaining parameters such as glass transition temperature and the variation of the heat capacity. Also, we have determined the storage module and it has been studied the various relaxations by DMTA testing. By scanning electron microscopy it has been studied fracture surfaces and the degree of dispersion of nanoreinforcements. From the study of the morphology, the thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of the different nanocomposites prepared, it has attempted to establish a relationship between these and characterization of surface treatments.
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Materiales compuestos, Materiales nanocompuestos, Nanotecnología, Sílice