Publication: Desarrollo de una ayuda técnica para alumnos del colegio San Rafael (5) : cuentacuentos interactivo (I)
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2012-08-29
Defense date
2012-09-26
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Abstract
Este Trabajo Fin de Grado diseña una ayuda técnica para alumnos del colegio del Hospital san Rafael, niños con diferentes grados de discapacidad. A través del refuerzo de la relación causa-efecto, un cuento interactivo servirá como excusa para aumentar sus habilidades cognitivas y de relación con el entorno. Este trabajo forma parte de una pareja: aquí se diseña la ayuda, y se implementa en el Trabajo de Luis Javier Martínez Belotto, si bien las memorias se presentan por separado a fin de mostrar ordenadamente el proceso de creación de un trabajo que ha sido realizado en una estrecha labor de equipo. Esta ayuda, en adelante lector, se ha diseñado en todo momento pensando en el usuario que va a utilizar dicho lector. El dispositivo consta de tres partes: una lección o cuento que se proyecta, una serie de piezas en las que se incluye un pictograma diferente en cada una y una base o lector donde se irán depositando las piezas. Su funcionamiento es muy simple, se proyecta un cuento o lección a los alumnos del colegio en la que se les hace una pregunta cuya respuesta es una de las piezas que tienen para escoger: si la pieza que eligen es la adecuada la lección continúa, en caso contrario se les vuelve a preguntar hasta que el alumno elija la pieza correcta. Al tratarse de piezas que no se conectan en ningún momento al lector, necesitamos una forma de comunicación entre estas y el lector de manera inalámbrica, lo cual se ha conseguido gracias al uso de la tecnología RFID, que nos permite enviar información de la pieza escogida gracias a la tarjeta RFID pasiva alojada en el interior de la pieza. Además de las tarjetas de cada una de las piezas nos hace falta un lector que reciba la información almacenada en las tarjetas a la vez que las alimente. Por último, es necesario procesar dicha información por medio de un microprocesador para establecer si es la pieza correcta, y tanto si es la correcta o no, se le informa al personal a cargo de los alumnos para que la lección continúe o siga en el mismo punto. El lector es el encargado de interpretar qué pieza es la elegida e identificarla de manera que se pueda establecer si es la correcta o no. Para ello primero se encarga de alimentar correctamente a las tarjetas para poder recibir de forma adecuada la información almacenada en ellas, que sirve para identificar cada una de las piezas para su posterior tratamiento y procesamiento. El sistema por tanto, consta de una primera etapa que alimenta y recibe la información de las tarjetas, una segunda etapa que se encarga de acondicionar la información y una tercera etapa que se encarga de procesar la información por medio de un microprocesador. Aparte de la electrónica del sistema se han tenido en cuenta otra serie de aspectos importantes para el uso satisfactorio del dispositivo, por un lado el lector está alojado en una caja de madera en la que se marca de forma clara la zona donde han de depositarse las piezas, esta zona corresponde a la zona donde se encuentra la antena del lector. Por otro lado, las piezas tienen que satisfacer dos compromisos, que sean lo suficientemente grandes para que el pictograma que sirve de respuesta sea perfectamente identificable y además han de ser lo suficientemente ergonómicas para que se agarren con facilidad. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
This Final Project designed a technical assistance for students of the school of San Rafael Hospital, children with different degrees of disability. Through the strengthening of cause and effect, an interactive story will serve as an excuse to increase their cognitive skills and relationship with the environment. This work is part of a team: the designs, and its implementation in the work of Luis Javier Martinez Belotto, although the reports are presented separately in order to show the process of creation, a work that have been done as teamwork. This assistance, from now on reader, has been designed with the user of the reader in mind. The device consists of three parts: a lesson or story that will be projecting a series of pieces in which a different pictogram is included in each one, and a reader base or where they will deposit the pieces. Its operation is very simple, projecting a story or lesson to the students of the school in which they are asked a question whose answer is one of the pieces that have to choose, if the piece they choose is right, the lesson can continue. Otherwise they would be asked again until the student chooses the right piece. Being pieces that do not connect in any moment to the reader, we need a way of communication between them and the reader wirelessly, which we have achieved through the use of RFID technology, which allows us to send part of the information chosen by the passive RFID card housed inside the work piece. Apart from the cards, each piece needs a reader that receives the information stored on the cards while is powered. Finally, this information needs to be processed by a microprocessor to determine if the piece is correct, and whether it is correct or not, being informed by staff to students to continue or follow the lesson in the same point. The reader is responsible for interpreting that the piece is chosen and identifying it so it can be determined if it is correct or not. For this, in the first place is responsible for feeding the cards correctly so they receive properly the information stored in them, used to identify each piece for further treatment and processing. The system therefore comprises a first stage that feeds and receives the information from the card, a second stage which is responsible for conditioning information and a third stage which is responsible for information processing by means of a microprocessor. Apart from the electronics of the system it had been taken into account a number of other important aspects for the satisfactory use of the device. On one hand the reader is housed in a wooden box in which clearly mark the area where the pieces must be deposited. This area corresponds to the area of the antenna reader. On the other hand, the parts must have two commitments, being large enough to include the response pictogram and ergonomic enough to be easily carried.
This Final Project designed a technical assistance for students of the school of San Rafael Hospital, children with different degrees of disability. Through the strengthening of cause and effect, an interactive story will serve as an excuse to increase their cognitive skills and relationship with the environment. This work is part of a team: the designs, and its implementation in the work of Luis Javier Martinez Belotto, although the reports are presented separately in order to show the process of creation, a work that have been done as teamwork. This assistance, from now on reader, has been designed with the user of the reader in mind. The device consists of three parts: a lesson or story that will be projecting a series of pieces in which a different pictogram is included in each one, and a reader base or where they will deposit the pieces. Its operation is very simple, projecting a story or lesson to the students of the school in which they are asked a question whose answer is one of the pieces that have to choose, if the piece they choose is right, the lesson can continue. Otherwise they would be asked again until the student chooses the right piece. Being pieces that do not connect in any moment to the reader, we need a way of communication between them and the reader wirelessly, which we have achieved through the use of RFID technology, which allows us to send part of the information chosen by the passive RFID card housed inside the work piece. Apart from the cards, each piece needs a reader that receives the information stored on the cards while is powered. Finally, this information needs to be processed by a microprocessor to determine if the piece is correct, and whether it is correct or not, being informed by staff to students to continue or follow the lesson in the same point. The reader is responsible for interpreting that the piece is chosen and identifying it so it can be determined if it is correct or not. For this, in the first place is responsible for feeding the cards correctly so they receive properly the information stored in them, used to identify each piece for further treatment and processing. The system therefore comprises a first stage that feeds and receives the information from the card, a second stage which is responsible for conditioning information and a third stage which is responsible for information processing by means of a microprocessor. Apart from the electronics of the system it had been taken into account a number of other important aspects for the satisfactory use of the device. On one hand the reader is housed in a wooden box in which clearly mark the area where the pieces must be deposited. This area corresponds to the area of the antenna reader. On the other hand, the parts must have two commitments, being large enough to include the response pictogram and ergonomic enough to be easily carried.
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Keywords
Microcontroladores, Tecnología RFID, Radiocomunicación, Personas discapacitadas, Cuentacuentos