Publication: Eugenismo a la moda. Personas y estados contra la "degeneración" en el primer tercio del siglo XX
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2012-11-16
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Abstract
Desde finales del siglo XX los grupos de opinión y los gobiernos en Europa y Estados Unidos desplegaron políticas sociales correctoras ante lo que entendían eran tendencias perniciosas en la evolución de la condición humana. Por un lado, las comunidades de obreros crecían de forma descontrolada y con ellas –se alegabaflorecían toda suerte de vicios. Por otro, la ciencia buscaba recursos higiénicos para controlar la natalidad y frenar la sangría de nacimientos lesivos para la salud de las mujeres. El movimiento más conocido por lo que a la intervención en el desarrollo natural de los grupos humanos se refiere fue el conocido como Eugenista, también higienista. En 1904 Francis Galton leía en la London School of Economics, ante la recién creada Sociological Society, una ponencia titulada Eugenics; its Definition, Scope and Aims. En el texto, para cuya elaboración había aplicado los principios de la selección natural de Charles Darwin, Galton desplegaba conjeturas acerca del genio intelectual y la herencia de las facultades humanas. La literatura recogería el impacto social de estas polémicas científico sociales. Así por ejemplo, en 1925 se publicaba la brillante novela de Sinclair Lewis, Doctor Arrowsmith, compendio del pensamiento higiénico social de su tiempo.
Since the late twentieth century focus groups and governments in Europe and the United States deployed corrective social policies to which it was understood as pernicious trends in the modern trends of human condition. On the one hand, workers communities grew out of control and with them‐it was alleged‐all sorts of vices bloomed. Furthermore, science sought hygienic resources for birth control and stopping the bleeding of births injurious to the health of women. The movement known, as far as intervention in the natural development of human groups refers, was known as Eugenics, also hygienist. In 1904 Francis Galton read at the London School of Economics, before the newly created Sociological Society, a paper entitled Eugenics, its Definition, Scope and Aims. In the text, for whose development Galton had applied the principles of natural selection of Charles Darwin, he unfolded conjectures about the intellectual genius and legacy of human faculties. The literature would reflect the social impact of these controversies. For example, in 1925 it was published the brilliant novel by Nobel Sinclair Lewis, Dr. Arrowsmith, a social hygiene compendium of thought of his time.
Since the late twentieth century focus groups and governments in Europe and the United States deployed corrective social policies to which it was understood as pernicious trends in the modern trends of human condition. On the one hand, workers communities grew out of control and with them‐it was alleged‐all sorts of vices bloomed. Furthermore, science sought hygienic resources for birth control and stopping the bleeding of births injurious to the health of women. The movement known, as far as intervention in the natural development of human groups refers, was known as Eugenics, also hygienist. In 1904 Francis Galton read at the London School of Economics, before the newly created Sociological Society, a paper entitled Eugenics, its Definition, Scope and Aims. In the text, for whose development Galton had applied the principles of natural selection of Charles Darwin, he unfolded conjectures about the intellectual genius and legacy of human faculties. The literature would reflect the social impact of these controversies. For example, in 1925 it was published the brilliant novel by Nobel Sinclair Lewis, Dr. Arrowsmith, a social hygiene compendium of thought of his time.
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Historia, Siglo XX, Eugenismo, Estados Unidos, Europa, Mujeres, Mujeres Cívicas, Control Natalidad, Sinclair Lewis, Dr. Arrowsmith, History, 20th, Eugenics, USA, Europe, Women, Civilian Women, Birth Control
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Conferencia celebrada el 16 de noviembre 2012 en el Centro Cívico José Saramago de Leganés, Madrid, con motivo de la Semana de la Ciencia 2012