Publication: Creación de un simulador aeroportuario : sistema experto de asignación en el desembarque de pasajeros y generación de reglas a partir del conocimiento adquirido
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Publication date
2012-06
Defense date
2012-06-07
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Tutors
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Abstract
Los aeropuertos son las infraestructuras del transporte aéreo donde las aeronaves aterrizan, despegan y se estacionan, para proceder al embarque y desembarque de los pasajeros, sus equipajes y la carga. Tanto en el movimiento de pasajeros, equipajes y carga en el aeropuerto como la estancia de una aeronave en el mismo, requieren la ayuda y colaboración de diferentes personas y equipos, entre los que destacan, de forma importante, los pertenecientes a las distintas actividades del “handling”. Cualquiera que haya tenido que pasar por un aeropuerto para coger un avión ha recibido muchos de estos servicios ya sea de forma directa o indirecta: facturación del equipaje, transporte en autobús hasta el avión, carga y descarga del equipaje, limpieza del avión, llenado de combustible de los depósitos del avión, etc. Esto hace que los servicios de “handling” (o también llamados servicios de asistencia en tierra) sean un elemento esencial y estratégico en la parte del transporte aéreo que se lleva a cabo en los aeropuertos, ya que está estrechamente relacionado con el nivel de la calidad del servicio global prestado a los usuarios. Un fallo en la prestación de estos servicios puede tener consecuencias negativas importantes tanto para la compañía aérea, como para los pasajeros, la carga aérea, el aeropuerto y el prestador de los servicios. Para que no se produzcan estos fallos es fundamental que se asignen tanto los recursos materiales como los recursos de personal aeroportuario lo más óptimamente posible a cada uno de los servicios prestados, además de dar una solución rápida si sucede algún imprevisto y se debieran de cancelar asignaciones de recursos porque fuera prioritario que estuvieran realizando otra función. En la mayoría de los aeropuertos actuales el trabajo de asignar los recursos a los servicios aeroportuarios lo realiza o el propio prestador de servicios o un sistema software de forma semiautomática. Este proyecto consiste en la creación de un simulador aeroportuario, y a partir del mismo, recoger información sobre las variables de decisión en las que se apoya el prestador de servicios para realizar la asignación (o cancelación de la asignación) de las escalerillas por las que bajan los pasajeros del avión cuando éste llega a su zona de estacionamiento dentro del aeropuerto. Posteriormente, se usa un modelo de minería de datos para crear el conjunto de reglas que describen el razonamiento llevado a cabo por el prestador de servicios. Aparte, en dicho simulador se puede cargar el modelo que representa el conjunto de reglas para que se realice la asignación o cancelación automática de las escalerillas a los aviones que van aterrizando. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Airports are infraestructures of air traffic where the aircrafts land, take off and park, to proceed to the boarding and disembarkation of passengers, their luggage and freight. The movement of passengers, luggage and freight at the airport and the stay of an aircraft at it require the help and collaboration of different people and equipment, being of special importance those that belong to different activities of airport handling. Someone who has had to go through an airport to take an aircraft has received a lot of services either of a direct or indirect way: luggage check-in, transport in bus to aircraft, loading and unloading of luggage, cleaning of aircraft, filling of fuel of tanks of aircraft, etc. This makes that handling services (also called ground handling services) are an essential and strategic element in the part of air transport carried out at the airports, because this is closely related to the level of quality of global service that it is provided to users. A mistake in the provision of these services can have important negative consequences for airlines, passengers, air freight, the airport and the people responsible of rendering these services. To prevent that these mistakes happen it is fundamental that both material resources and human resources of the airport are allocated in the most optimal possible way to each one of rendered services, apart from giving a fast solution if some unforeseen event happens and it was necessary to cancel allocations of resources because the priority was that they perform another function. In most of current airports the task of allocating resources to the airport services is carried out by people responsible of rendering these services or a software system of a semiautomatic way. In this project we aim to create an airport simulator, and with its help, obtain information about the decision variables used by people responsible of rendering airport services to make the allocation (or cancellation of allocation) of the steps that passengers use to go down the aircraft when it arrives at its parking space at the airport. Subsequently, we track a data mining model to create the rules set that describe the concluded reasoning of people responsible of rendering of airport services. Moreover, the model that represents the rules set can be loaded in this simulator to simulate the allocation or automatic cancellation of steps when aircrafts land.
Airports are infraestructures of air traffic where the aircrafts land, take off and park, to proceed to the boarding and disembarkation of passengers, their luggage and freight. The movement of passengers, luggage and freight at the airport and the stay of an aircraft at it require the help and collaboration of different people and equipment, being of special importance those that belong to different activities of airport handling. Someone who has had to go through an airport to take an aircraft has received a lot of services either of a direct or indirect way: luggage check-in, transport in bus to aircraft, loading and unloading of luggage, cleaning of aircraft, filling of fuel of tanks of aircraft, etc. This makes that handling services (also called ground handling services) are an essential and strategic element in the part of air transport carried out at the airports, because this is closely related to the level of quality of global service that it is provided to users. A mistake in the provision of these services can have important negative consequences for airlines, passengers, air freight, the airport and the people responsible of rendering these services. To prevent that these mistakes happen it is fundamental that both material resources and human resources of the airport are allocated in the most optimal possible way to each one of rendered services, apart from giving a fast solution if some unforeseen event happens and it was necessary to cancel allocations of resources because the priority was that they perform another function. In most of current airports the task of allocating resources to the airport services is carried out by people responsible of rendering these services or a software system of a semiautomatic way. In this project we aim to create an airport simulator, and with its help, obtain information about the decision variables used by people responsible of rendering airport services to make the allocation (or cancellation of allocation) of the steps that passengers use to go down the aircraft when it arrives at its parking space at the airport. Subsequently, we track a data mining model to create the rules set that describe the concluded reasoning of people responsible of rendering of airport services. Moreover, the model that represents the rules set can be loaded in this simulator to simulate the allocation or automatic cancellation of steps when aircrafts land.
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Sistemas expertos, Simulación por ordenador, Gestión de aeropuertos, Ingeniería del conocimiento