Publication: Optimizacion de rutas para redes móviles en redes ad-hoc vehiculares
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2010-11
Defense date
2010-11-17
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Abstract
Hoy en día, el acceso a Internet y las comunicaciones se producen en escenarios muy diversos y con una gran variedad de dispositivos. Sobre todo, existe una tendencia creciente a la demanda de movilidad, es decir, a poder realizar la comunicación no sólo en cualquier sitio, sino también en movimiento. Pero, ¿cómo cambiaría nuestra vida si los dispositivos de comunicaciones fueran nuestros propios vehículos? Aunque pueda parecer ciencia-ficción, en los últimos años se han producido grandes avances en la investigación en el campo de las redes vehiculares, existiendo incluso propuestas de estandarización del protocolo de acceso al medio en entornos vehiculares (DSRC/802.11p). Por otro lado, el protocolo de soporte básico de movilidad de redes, NEMO BS, propone una extensión del protocolo de movilidad IP para gestionar el movimiento de redes completas, en lugar del movimiento de un terminal. NEMO BS hace posible que los nodos de la red móvil mantengan sus comunicaciones con el resto del mundo a través de las mismas direcciones IP(v6) que tienen en su red hogar. Sin embargo, presenta una desventaja ya que el enrutamiento del tráfico entre la red móvil y cualquier otro nodo pasa por la red hogar, independientemente de que exista o no una ruta más eficiente. A este respecto, NEMO BS no contempla ninguna optimización de rutas. La utilización del protocolo de movilidad de redes encaja en el entorno de las redes vehiculares, ya que se espera que en un vehículo existan numerosos dispositivos con necesidad de conectividad, desplazándose simultáneamente. De esta forma, dado que en algún momento las redes vehiculares serán una realidad, no es descabellado proponer una optimización de rutas para el protocolo de movilidad de redes (NEMO) en una red vehicular (contemplada como una red inalámbrica ad-hoc). Además, por las características propias de este tipo de redes, se hace necesario que los mecanismos de enrutado, gestión y configuración de los dispositivos de la red, se realicen de la forma más eficiente posible, ya que se trata de un entorno que puede cambiar rápidamente. En este proyecto se propone una optimización de rutas para NEMO en redes vehiculares. La idea principal es que dos vehículos presentes en la misma red puedan comunicarse entre sí directamente, a través de unos pocos saltos intermedios, en lugar de acceder a Internet para llegar a sus respectivas redes hogar, con el retardo que esto puede suponer. Para ello, se ha desarrollado, a partir de la optimización de rutas propuesta en VARON, una implementación en lenguaje C, que después ha sido puesta en práctica en un router comercial. Este router, que juega el papel de router móvil, es el elemento principal en este proyecto ya que se encarga de realizar todas las operaciones, tanto para la gestión de la movilidad de la red como para la creación de la ruta en la red vehicular. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nowadays, Internet access and communications occur in very different scenarios and with a wide variety of devices. Above all, there is a raising trend/fashion to demanding mobility, that is to say, to be able to communicate everywhere while in movement. How would our lives change if the communication device were our own vehicle? Although it could seem to be science fiction, there have been huge advances in research in the field of vehicular communications, arising standardization proposals for a medium access control layer in vehicular networks (DSRC/802.11p). On the other hand, there is a network mobility basic support protocol, NEMO BS, which propose an extension to the IP mobility protocol in order to manage the movement of a whole network, instead of the movement of a single terminal. This protocol has great advantages and keeps mobile network connected to the rest of the world through the same IP(v6) address while moving. However, it has a drawback because every datagram exchange with any other node, has to travel in a tunnel to the home network, no matter what, independently of the existence of more eficient routes or at less cost. Related to this, NEMO BS does not consider any route optimization mechanism. Right now, since is very likely that vehicular networks will become a reality not too far to come, it makes sense to propose a NEMO route optimization mechanism for ad-hoc vehicular networks. Moreover, due to the inherent characteristics of this kind of network, it is necessary to make routing mechanisms, manage and configuration as eficient as possible, because it is a frequently changing environment. This master thesis analyzes a vehicular ad-hoc route optimization for NEMO. The main idea is to make two vehicles in the same network able to communicate directly with each other, by a few intermediate hops, instead of using the Internet to reach their home networks, with the subsequent delay that it could mean. A prototype has been developed, based on the procedure defined in VARON, that has been later deployed in a commercial router. This router acts as a mobile router, being the main device in this project as it manages the mobility of the network as well as the route optimization, without leaving aside the tasks a proper router does.
Nowadays, Internet access and communications occur in very different scenarios and with a wide variety of devices. Above all, there is a raising trend/fashion to demanding mobility, that is to say, to be able to communicate everywhere while in movement. How would our lives change if the communication device were our own vehicle? Although it could seem to be science fiction, there have been huge advances in research in the field of vehicular communications, arising standardization proposals for a medium access control layer in vehicular networks (DSRC/802.11p). On the other hand, there is a network mobility basic support protocol, NEMO BS, which propose an extension to the IP mobility protocol in order to manage the movement of a whole network, instead of the movement of a single terminal. This protocol has great advantages and keeps mobile network connected to the rest of the world through the same IP(v6) address while moving. However, it has a drawback because every datagram exchange with any other node, has to travel in a tunnel to the home network, no matter what, independently of the existence of more eficient routes or at less cost. Related to this, NEMO BS does not consider any route optimization mechanism. Right now, since is very likely that vehicular networks will become a reality not too far to come, it makes sense to propose a NEMO route optimization mechanism for ad-hoc vehicular networks. Moreover, due to the inherent characteristics of this kind of network, it is necessary to make routing mechanisms, manage and configuration as eficient as possible, because it is a frequently changing environment. This master thesis analyzes a vehicular ad-hoc route optimization for NEMO. The main idea is to make two vehicles in the same network able to communicate directly with each other, by a few intermediate hops, instead of using the Internet to reach their home networks, with the subsequent delay that it could mean. A prototype has been developed, based on the procedure defined in VARON, that has been later deployed in a commercial router. This router acts as a mobile router, being the main device in this project as it manages the mobility of the network as well as the route optimization, without leaving aside the tasks a proper router does.
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Keywords
IPv6, Movilidad de redes, Router móvil, Redes vehiculares, Optimización de rutas, OpenWrt, Asus WL-500g Premium, Network mobility, Mobile router, Vehicular networks, Route optimization