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Spreading of intolerance under economic stress: results from a reputation-based model

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dc.affiliation.dptoUC3M. Departamento de Matemáticases
dc.affiliation.grupoinvUC3M. Grupo de Investigación: Interdisciplinar de Sistemas Complejos (GISC)es
dc.contributor.authorCuesta, José A.
dc.contributor.authorMartínez-Vaquero, Luis A.
dc.date.accessioned2015-03-02T13:11:15Z
dc.date.available2015-03-02T13:11:15Z
dc.date.issued2014-08-11
dc.description.abstractWhen a population is engaged in successive prisoner's dilemmas, indirect reciprocity through reputation fosters cooperation through the emergence of moral and action rules. A simplified model has recently been proposed where individuals choose between helping others or not and are judged good or bad for it by the rest of the population. The reputation so acquired will condition future actions. In this model, eight strategies (referred to as "leading eight") enforce a high level of cooperation, generate high payoffs, and are therefore resistant to invasions by other strategies. Here we show that, by assigning each individual one of two labels that peers can distinguish (e.g., political ideas, religion, and skin color) and allowing moral and action rules to depend on the label, intolerant behaviors can emerge within minorities under sufficient economic stress. We analyze the sets of conditions where this can happen and also discuss the circumstances under which tolerance can be restored. Our results agree with empirical observations that correlate intolerance and economic stress and predict a correlation between the degree of tolerance of a population and its composition and ethical stance.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was funded by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spain) through PRODIEVO (Grant No.FIS2011-22449) and by the Comunidad de Madrid (Spain) through MODELICO-CM (Grant No. P2009/ESP-1691). L.A.M.-V. was supported by Alianza 4 Universidades.en
dc.format.extent13es
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitationPhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics, 2014, vol. 90, 2(022805), p.1-13en
dc.identifier.doi10.1103/PhysRevE.90.022805
dc.identifier.issn1539-3755 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1550-2376 (online)
dc.identifier.publicationfirstpage1es
dc.identifier.publicationissue2 (022805)es
dc.identifier.publicationlastpage13es
dc.identifier.publicationtitlePhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physicsen
dc.identifier.publicationvolume90es
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10016/20122
dc.identifier.uxxiAR/0000015589
dc.language.isoenges
dc.publisherAmerican Physical Society (APS)es
dc.relation.projectIDComunidad de Madrid. S2009/ESP-1691/MODELICOes
dc.relation.projectIDGobierno de España. FIS2011-22449/PRODIEVOes
dc.relation.publisherversionhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.90.022805es
dc.rights©2014 American Physical Societyen
dc.rights.accessRightsopen accessen
dc.subject.ecienciaMatemáticases
dc.subject.otherIndirect reciprocityen
dc.subject.otherIngroupen
dc.subject.otherFavoritismen
dc.subject.otherGreen bearden
dc.subject.otherEvolutionen
dc.subject.otherCooperationen
dc.subject.otherIndividualsen
dc.subject.otherAggressiones
dc.subject.otherMutualismen
dc.subject.otherAltruismen
dc.titleSpreading of intolerance under economic stress: results from a reputation-based modelen
dc.typeresearch article*
dc.type.hasVersionVoR*
dspace.entity.typePublication
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