Publication: A System of Indicators for Socio-Economic Evaluation and Monitoring of Global Change: An Approach Based on the Picos de Europa National Park
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2022-05-16
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MDPI AG
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Abstract
National Parks are spaces that are of great interest for evaluating and monitoring global
environmental change as these parks encompass natural, cultural, and rural features, along with
ecological processes, which are subject to social or economic changes that are much more difficult
to track outside of these spaces. To do this, it is necessary to have a sufficient set of data and
indicators to monitor the effects of global change in the short, mid, and long term. The majority
of indicators have been developed to monitor the bio-geophysical environment; socio-economic
indicators of global change for National Parks are much more limited. The aim of this paper is to
present a system of indicators for socio-economic evaluation and monitoring of global change for the
Picos de Europa National Park. This park has two unique features: it has one of the two systems of
socio-economic indicators developed for the Spanish National Parks, and it is practically the only
one of Spain’s 16 National Parks with human populations living within its boundaries. Many of the
indicators specifically developed for this park can be used for other national parks that have similar
characteristics.
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Keywords
Protected areas, Climate change, Socioeconomic indicators, Spain
Bibliographic citation
López, I., Suarez, R., & Pardo, M. (2022). A System of Indicators for Socio-Economic Evaluation and Monitoring of Global Change: An Approach Based on the Picos de Europa National Park. In Land, 11(5), 741-758