Publication: Crítica a una cultura estática y anestesiada de derechos humanos. Por una recuperación de las dimensiones constituyentes de la lucha por los derecho
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2015-06
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Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Instituto de Derechos Humanos Bartolomé de las Casas; Dykinson
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Abstract
En este artículo se hace un análisis de los límites de la posición predominante
de los derechos humanos por ser excesivamente normativista, procedimental,
formalista y post-violatoria. Como complemento, se destaca la necesidad
de ampliar la mirada de los mismos, reivindicando la dimensión instituyente
y creativa de todos los seres humanos, quienes participan en la construcción
de unos derechos entendidos a tiempo completo y en todo lugar. Frente a una
cultura que reduce la defensa de los derechos a instancias judiciales, se ofrece
un concepto más complejo que entiende que los derechos humanos se hacen, se
construyen, se desarrollan y se garantizan en todos los espacios sociales (íntimo,
doméstico, de producción, de mercado, de ciudadanía, de comunidad, etc.),
por medio de un sistema plural de garantías e inter-escalar, que implemente un
conjunto multi-garantista de reconocimiento y protección en todos los niveles,
recuperando la dimensión pre-violatoria de los derechos, antes de que sean violados,
y utilizando tanto las instancias estatales como permitiendo el despliegue
de actuaciones en instancias no estatales de la sociedad civil, a partir del poder
constituyente popular crítico, emancipador y transformador.
This article analyzes the limits of the predominant position of human rights by being overly normativist, procedural, formalist and post-breach. As a complement, it highlights the need to expand the view about them, claiming the instituting and creative dimension of all human beings, who participate in the construction of properly understood rights at any time and in any place. To a culture that reduces the defence of rights to judicial bodies, we offer a more complex concept that understands that human rights are made, built, developed and guaranteed in all social spaces (private, domestic, in the production process, at the market, for citizens, in the community, etc.) via a plural system of guarantees and inter-scale. This plural system implements a multi-guarantor set of recognition and protection at all levels, recovering the pre-violating dimension of rights -before they are violated, and using both state agencies as well as allowing the display of non-state actors from civil society, those originated from the critical, emancipatory and transformative constitutive popular power.
This article analyzes the limits of the predominant position of human rights by being overly normativist, procedural, formalist and post-breach. As a complement, it highlights the need to expand the view about them, claiming the instituting and creative dimension of all human beings, who participate in the construction of properly understood rights at any time and in any place. To a culture that reduces the defence of rights to judicial bodies, we offer a more complex concept that understands that human rights are made, built, developed and guaranteed in all social spaces (private, domestic, in the production process, at the market, for citizens, in the community, etc.) via a plural system of guarantees and inter-scale. This plural system implements a multi-guarantor set of recognition and protection at all levels, recovering the pre-violating dimension of rights -before they are violated, and using both state agencies as well as allowing the display of non-state actors from civil society, those originated from the critical, emancipatory and transformative constitutive popular power.
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Derechos humanos, Poder constituyente, Poder constituido, Lucha social, Movimientos sociales, Garantía jurídicas, Pluralismo jurídico, Garantías sociales., Human rights, Constituent power, Constituted power, Social struggle, Social movements, Legal guarantees, Legal pluralism, Social guarantees
Bibliographic citation
Derechos y Libertades: revista de filosofía del derecho y derechos humanos, junio 2015, n. 33, pp. 99-133