Publication: La creatividad de la interpretación: Una comparación entre el Derecho penal y el arte musical
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2015-01
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Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Instituto de Derechos Humanos Bartolomé de las Casas; Dykinson
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Abstract
En este escrito se comparan la interpretación musical y la jurídica, en el ámbito
del más amplio movimiento cultural del Law and humanities, mirando en
particular a la libertad creativa de sus intérpretes. Con específico referimiento a
la hermenéutica y a las normas penales, siempre mediante el paralelismo entre
Derecho y música, se examinan las cuestiones atinentes a la duda interpretativa
y al canon fundamental del favor rei. Se evidencia además, la constante
tensión entre el principio de legalidad, expresión de las exigencias de garantía,
y la justicia del caso concreto, fundada sobre la creatividad del juez. Se
propone un acercamiento hermenéutico diferenciado: es decir, en caso de que
la interpretación se dirija hacia desenlaces desfavorables al autor del hecho, el
canon fundamental, comparable a la idea de interpretación musical ‘estricta’
de Stravinsky, debería ser más ‘estéril’, inspirado en el principio del favor rei,
que debe ser considerado como una norma de cierre basada en la racionalidad
y a la certeza del derecho. En caso inverso, cuando la hermenéutica, en base a
principios sobreordenados, se dirige hacia desenlaces compatibles con el favor
rei, la re-creación del Derecho pudiera abrirse a interpretaciones menos rígidas,
más creativas, como aquellas, en la música, de Glenn Gould.
In this text musical and legal interpretation are compared, in the context of the wider cultural movement of law and humanities, with particular attention to the liberty and creativity of the interpreters. With specific reference to the hermeneutics of criminal laws, always through the parallelism between law and music, issues concerning the interpretative doubt and the fundamental norm of favor rei, are analysed, underlining the constant tension between the principle of legality; expression of the requirements of the guarantee and the justice of the concrete case, based on the judge’s creativity. A hermeneutical diverse approach is suggested: if the interpretation turns towards adverse outcomes for the perpetrator, the fundamental norm, comparable with Stravinskij’s strict idea of musical interpretation, should be more “sterile”, based on the principle of favor rei, to be considered as a norm of closure based on law’s rationality and certainty. On the other hand, when hermeneutics, on the base of superordinate principles, turns towards compatible outcomes with the favor rei, the law’s recreation could open to less rigid, more creative interpretations, like those ones, in Glenn Gould’s music.
In this text musical and legal interpretation are compared, in the context of the wider cultural movement of law and humanities, with particular attention to the liberty and creativity of the interpreters. With specific reference to the hermeneutics of criminal laws, always through the parallelism between law and music, issues concerning the interpretative doubt and the fundamental norm of favor rei, are analysed, underlining the constant tension between the principle of legality; expression of the requirements of the guarantee and the justice of the concrete case, based on the judge’s creativity. A hermeneutical diverse approach is suggested: if the interpretation turns towards adverse outcomes for the perpetrator, the fundamental norm, comparable with Stravinskij’s strict idea of musical interpretation, should be more “sterile”, based on the principle of favor rei, to be considered as a norm of closure based on law’s rationality and certainty. On the other hand, when hermeneutics, on the base of superordinate principles, turns towards compatible outcomes with the favor rei, the law’s recreation could open to less rigid, more creative interpretations, like those ones, in Glenn Gould’s music.
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Keywords
Derecho, Música, Legalidad penal, Interpretación, Creatividad, Garantísmo penal, Favor rei, Law, Music, Criminal legality, Interpretation, Creativity, Safeguarding the rights of individuals
Bibliographic citation
Derechos y Libertades: revista de filosofía del derecho y derechos humanos, enero 2015, n. 32, pp. 49-78