Publication: Geopolíticas de la territorialidad moderna:el Tratado hispano-portugués de Límites de 1864 y la extinción del Couto Mixto (1840&-1868)
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2019-06-30
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Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles (AGE)
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La gestación del Tratado de Límites hispano-portugués de 1864 y la extinción del llamado Couto Mixto ofrecen un microlaboratorio privilegiado para estudiar algunas de las claves geográficas que fundamentaron el paso del Antiguo Régimen al Estado liberal en los dos países ibéricos. La desaparición de este espacio, escenario del principal contencioso internacional abordado en dicho Tratado, simboliza la imposición sobre las poblaciones de la Raya de la territorialidad estatal moderna, asentada sobre la sustitución de la frontera jurisdiccional por la territorial, de las fronteras difusas por las lineales y de las soberanías híbridas por las exclusivas. Este trabajo analiza dicho proceso a partir de las fuentes archivísticas españolas y portuguesas, así como mediante una lectura geopolítica crítica centrada en los conflictos a que dio lugar, los actores e intereses involucrados en los mismos a distintas escalas, y los discursos y representaciones territoriales que tales actores movilizaron. Palabras clave: territorialidad estatal; frontera; España; Portugal; Couto Mixto.
The making of the 1864 Spanish-Portuguese Boundary Treaty and the extinction of the so-called Couto Mixto offer a privileged micro-laboratory to study some of the geographic basis underlying the transition from the Ancien Regime to the Liberal State in the two Iberian countries. The disappearance of this space, which was the scene of the main international dispute addressed in that Treaty, symbolises the imposition of modern state territoriality on local border populations. This imposition implied the replacement of jurisdictional boundaries by territorial ones, that of diffuse borders by linear ones, or that of hybrid sovereignties by exclusive ones. This work analyses that process by drawing on Spanish and Portuguese archival sources, as well as through a critical geopolitical approach which focuses on the conflicts that it gave rise to, the actors and interests involved at different scales, and the territorial representations and discourses mobilised by those actors.
The making of the 1864 Spanish-Portuguese Boundary Treaty and the extinction of the so-called Couto Mixto offer a privileged micro-laboratory to study some of the geographic basis underlying the transition from the Ancien Regime to the Liberal State in the two Iberian countries. The disappearance of this space, which was the scene of the main international dispute addressed in that Treaty, symbolises the imposition of modern state territoriality on local border populations. This imposition implied the replacement of jurisdictional boundaries by territorial ones, that of diffuse borders by linear ones, or that of hybrid sovereignties by exclusive ones. This work analyses that process by drawing on Spanish and Portuguese archival sources, as well as through a critical geopolitical approach which focuses on the conflicts that it gave rise to, the actors and interests involved at different scales, and the territorial representations and discourses mobilised by those actors.
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Territorialidad Estatal, Frontera, España, Portugal, State territoriality, Boundary, Spain, Portugal, Couto Mixto
Bibliographic citation
García Álvarez, J. (2019). Geopolíticas de la territorialidad moderna: el Tratado hispano-portugués de Límites de 1864 y la extinción del Couto Mixto (1840–1868). Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, 82, pp. 1–35.